Principles of Communication: Propagation MCQ

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PropagationMediumQuestion 20255

Question

The Maximum Usable Frequency (MUF) for sky-wave propagation is related to critical frequency f_c by MUF = f_c / cos θ where θ is the angle of incidence. If f_c = 10 MHz and θ = 60°, MUF is:

A
5 MHz
B
10 MHz
C
20 MHz
Correct
D
30 MHz

Correct answer

20 MHz

Explanation

MUF = f_c / cos θ = 10 / cos 60° = 10 / 0.5 = 20 MHz. The MUF is always higher than f_c. In practice, the operating frequency is chosen as ~85% of MUF (the Optimum Working Frequency, OWF).

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