Class 10
Coordinate Geometry — Maths
Complete Class 10 Coordinate Geometry notes covering the coordinate plane, quadrants, distance formula, midpoint, section formula, area of a triangle, and coordinate-based applications.
Your free study desk
Choose one topic, practise it and revisit your mistakes. Find your next resource here without creating an account.
Make your next study session count
1. Recall · 5 min
Pick one topic below. Write what you remember, then use the notes to fill the gaps.
2. Practise · 18 min
Solve a few questions without revealing answers. Explain your method, even when you guess correctly.
3. Review · 7 min
Compare the solutions, record the cause of each mistake and choose what to revisit tomorrow.
A suggested routine, not a timer or an automatically assessed learning score.
My study list
Save resources below and return to them here. Your list stays in this browser; it does not sync across devices and may be lost if browser data is cleared.
Find notes and exam practice
Search the published Class 8–10 chapter library and selected exam resources. This is not a complete K–12 syllabus.
67 resources found
Class 10
Statistics — Maths
Complete Class 10 Statistics notes covering frequency distributions, grouped data, class marks, mean, median, mode, cumulative frequency, and ogive-based interpretation.
Class 10
Arithmetic Progressions — Maths
Complete Class 10 Arithmetic Progressions notes covering sequences, common difference, nth term, arithmetic mean, sum of n terms, and board-style applications.
Class 10
Triangles — Maths
Complete Class 10 Triangles notes covering similarity vs congruence, similar polygons, Basic Proportionality Theorem, converse of BPT, AAA/SAS/SSS similarity, areas of similar triangles, Pythagoras theorem, and converse-based applications.
Class 10
Trigonometric Ratios — Maths
Complete Class 10 Trigonometric Ratios notes covering angle setup, the six trigonometric ratios, reciprocal and quotient relations, standard values, complementary angle rules, and board-style evaluations.
Class 10
Circles — Maths
Complete Class 10 Circles notes covering tangent definitions, radius-tangent theorem, equal tangents from an external point, angle relations, tangential quadrilaterals, concentric circles, and board-style proofs.
Class 10
Quadratic Equations — Maths
Complete Class 10 Quadratic Equations notes covering standard form, roots, factorisation, completing the square, the quadratic formula, discriminant, nature of roots, and board-style applications.
Class 10
Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables — Maths
Complete Class 10 notes on pair of linear equations in two variables, including graphical representation, substitution, elimination, cross-multiplication, reducible forms, consistency conditions, and word problems.
Class 10
Polynomials — Maths
Complete Class 10 Polynomials notes covering degree, zeros, graphs of linear/quadratic/cubic polynomials, relationships between zeros and coefficients, and the division algorithm.
Class 10
Real Numbers — Maths
Understand Euclid's Division Lemma, HCF-LCM relationships, and decimal expansions with exam-ready notes.
Class 10
Light – Reflection and Refraction — Physics
Comprehensive Class 10 Science notes on light — covering laws of reflection, plane and spherical mirrors, image formation tables for all object positions, New Cartesian sign convention, refraction, Snell's law, refractive index, glass slab, convex and concave lenses, lens formula, magnification, power of lens, and full numerical practice with step-by-step answers.
Class 10
The Human Eye and the Colourful World — Physics
Complete Class 10 Science notes on the human eye — detailed structure and functions of each part, power of accommodation, near point and far point, all three major vision defects (myopia, hypermetropia, presbyopia) with causes and corrections, dispersion by prism, formation of rainbow, atmospheric refraction, twinkling of stars, advance sunrise, scattering of light, Tyndall effect, and why the sky is blue and sunsets are red.
Class 10
Electricity — Physics
Comprehensive Class 10 Science notes on electricity — electric charge, current, potential difference, Ohm's law, resistance and resistivity, factors affecting resistance, series and parallel resistor combinations with equivalent resistance, Joule's law of heating, electric power, commercial unit of electricity (kilowatt-hour), domestic electric circuits, safety devices including fuse, MCB, and earthing. Includes full numerical practice with step-by-step solutions.
Class 10
Magnetic Effects of Electric Current — Physics
Complete Class 10 Science notes on magnetic effects of electric current — properties of magnetic field lines, right-hand thumb rule for straight wire, circular coil, and solenoid, electromagnets and their uses, force on current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field, Fleming's left-hand rule, working of a DC electric motor with diagram, electromagnetic induction, Faraday's experiments, Fleming's right-hand rule, working of an AC generator, domestic electric circuits including live/neutral/earth wires, electric fuse, MCB, and earthing safety.
Class 10
Chemical Reactions and Equations — Chemistry
This chapter explains how substances change during a chemical reaction, how to write and balance equations, how to classify reactions, and how to connect textbook ideas with everyday life such as rusting gates in coastal cities, curd setting in kitchens, and heat released during burning fuels.
Class 10
Acids, Bases and Salts — Chemistry
This chapter explains the properties of acids and bases, the meaning of pH, the importance of indicators, the preparation and uses of common salts, and the role of neutralisation in daily life from indigestion medicines to soil treatment and household cleaning.
Class 10
Metals and Non-Metals — Chemistry
This chapter explains how metals and non-metals differ in properties and reactions, why the reactivity series matters, how ionic compounds are formed, how ores are converted into useful metals, and why corrosion control matters in everyday life and industry.
Class 10
Carbon and its Compounds — Chemistry
This chapter explains why carbon forms such a large number of compounds, how covalent bonding works, what homologous series and functional groups mean, and how compounds such as ethanol, ethanoic acid, soaps, and detergents are connected to everyday life.
Class 10
Periodic Classification of Elements — Chemistry
This chapter explains how scientists tried to arrange elements, why early classification systems were limited, how the modern periodic table is based on atomic number, and how periodic trends help predict properties of metals, non-metals, and their compounds.
Class 10
Life Processes — Biology
Life processes are the basic functions performed by an organism to maintain its life — nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion. This chapter explains how these processes work in plants and in humans, and why they are needed even when an organism appears to be doing nothing.
Class 10
Control and Coordination — Biology
In animals, control and coordination are provided by the nervous system and by hormones from the endocrine system. In plants there is no nervous system, so coordination is brought about by chemical substances and by growth movements. This chapter covers reflex action, the human brain, plant hormones, tropic movements, and the main human hormones.
Class 10
How do Organisms Reproduce? — Biology
Reproduction is the process by which organisms produce new individuals of their own kind. This chapter covers why reproduction is linked to the stability of DNA and to variation, the modes of asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction in flowering plants, and the human reproductive system including reproductive health.
Class 10
Heredity — Biology
Heredity is the passing of traits (characters) from parents to offspring. This chapter explains how variation arises, Mendel's experiments with pea plants, the rules of inheritance (dominant and recessive traits, independent inheritance), and how sex is determined in human beings.
Class 10
Our Environment — Biology
This chapter looks at how the living and non-living components of the environment interact — ecosystems, food chains and food webs, the flow of energy through trophic levels, the 10 per cent law, and the effects of human activities such as the use of non-biodegradable substances and the depletion of the ozone layer.
Class 10
Management of Natural Resources — Biology
Natural resources such as forests, wildlife, water, coal, and petroleum are limited and must be used carefully so that they last for future generations. This chapter covers sustainable management, the stakeholders in forest and water management, rainwater harvesting, dams, and the conservation of fossil fuels — captured by the idea of the three R's: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.
Class 9
Motion — Physics
Class 9 Motion notes covering distance, displacement, speed, velocity, uniform and non-uniform motion, acceleration, three equations of motion, distance-time and velocity-time graphs, and uniform circular motion — with Indian examples for CBSE board preparation.
Class 9
Force and Laws of Motion — Physics
Class 9 Physics notes on force, balanced and unbalanced forces, inertia, momentum, Newton's three laws of motion, and conservation of momentum — explained with Indian everyday examples for CBSE board preparation.
Class 9
Gravitation — Physics
Class 9 Gravitation notes covering the universal law of gravitation, acceleration due to gravity, free fall, mass and weight, thrust, pressure, buoyancy, Archimedes' principle, and flotation — with Indian everyday examples for CBSE board preparation.
Class 9
Work and Energy — Physics
Class 9 notes on work done by a force, kinetic energy, potential energy, power, the commercial unit of energy, and the law of conservation of energy — with Indian everyday examples to help CBSE board students connect physics to daily life.
Class 9
Sound — Physics
Class 9 Physics notes on the nature of sound waves, propagation and speed of sound, reflection of sound, echo, reverberation, ultrasound, SONAR, and the human ear — explained with Indian examples for CBSE board students.
Class 9
Matter in Our Surroundings — Chemistry
Class 9 Chemistry notes on particle nature of matter, states of matter, temperature scales, change of state, evaporation, sublimation, and diffusion.
Class 9
Is Matter Around Us Pure — Chemistry
Class 9 Chemistry notes on pure substances, mixtures, elements, compounds, solutions, suspensions, colloids, concentration, and separation techniques.
Class 9
Atoms and Molecules — Chemistry
Class 9 Chemistry notes on laws of chemical combination, Dalton's atomic theory, symbols, atomic mass, molecules, valency, chemical formulae, and mole concept.
Class 9
Structure of Atom — Chemistry
Class 9 Chemistry notes on electrons, protons, neutrons, Thomson and Rutherford models, Bohr model, atomic number, mass number, electronic configuration, valency, isotopes, and isobars.
Class 9
The Fundamental Unit of Life — Biology
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of every living organism. This chapter covers the discovery of the cell, the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, the plasma membrane and osmosis, the cell wall, and the main cell organelles and what each of them does.
Class 9
Tissues — Biology
A tissue is a group of cells similar in structure that work together to perform a particular function. This chapter covers why multicellular organisms have tissues, the types of plant tissues (meristematic and permanent), and the types of animal tissues (epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous).
Class 9
Improvement in Food Resources — Biology
India needs to produce more food for its growing population without increasing the land under farming and without harming the environment (sustainable agriculture). This chapter covers improvement in crop yields — crop variety improvement, crop production management, crop protection management — and improvement in animal husbandry including cattle, poultry, fish, and bees.
Class 9
Number Systems — Maths
This chapter extends the idea of number from natural numbers to real numbers. It covers rational and irrational numbers, representing numbers on the number line, decimal expansions, operations on real numbers, laws of exponents for real bases, and rationalising denominators.
Class 9
Polynomials — Maths
A polynomial in one variable is an algebraic expression in which the powers of the variable are whole numbers. This chapter covers the degree of a polynomial, zeroes of a polynomial, the Remainder Theorem, the Factor Theorem, factorisation of quadratic and cubic polynomials, and the standard algebraic identities.
Class 9
Coordinate Geometry — Maths
Coordinate geometry connects algebra and geometry by fixing the position of a point using a pair of numbers. This chapter introduces the Cartesian plane, the x-axis and y-axis, the origin, quadrants, coordinates of a point, and plotting points from an ordered pair.
Class 9
Linear Equations in Two Variables — Maths
An equation of the form ax + by + c = 0 (with a and b not both zero) is a linear equation in two variables. This chapter covers writing such equations, finding their solutions as ordered pairs, drawing their graphs as straight lines, and equations of lines parallel to the axes.
Class 9
Lines and Angles — Maths
This chapter builds the basic results about angles formed by lines: the linear pair axiom, vertically opposite angles, angles made when a transversal cuts two parallel lines (corresponding, alternate, co-interior), and the angle sum property of a triangle with its exterior angle.
Class 9
Triangles — Maths
This chapter is about congruence of triangles — when two triangles are exact copies of each other. It covers the congruence criteria (SAS, ASA, AAS, SSS, RHS), properties of an isosceles triangle, and basic inequalities relating the sides and angles of a triangle.
Class 9
Heron's Formula — Maths
Find the area of a triangle from its three sides, check whether the triangle exists, and divide a quadrilateral into triangles. Includes worked examples, common mistakes and practice with full solutions. Match these topic notes to the textbook edition used by your school.
Class 9
Statistics — Maths
Understand data, frequency tables, mean, median, mode and the difference between bar graphs and histograms. Work through original examples and learn to choose a sensible summary. These are foundational topic notes; check your school's textbook for the assessed scope.
Class 8
Rational Numbers — Maths
A rational number is any number that can be written as p/q where p and q are integers and q ≠ 0. This chapter covers the properties of rational numbers under the four operations, the role of 0 and 1, additive and multiplicative inverses, and representing rational numbers on the number line.
Class 8
Linear Equations in One Variable — Maths
A linear equation in one variable has the variable to the first power only and an equals sign. This chapter covers solving equations with the variable on one side and on both sides, equations involving brackets and fractions, and forming equations from word problems.
Class 8
Squares and Square Roots — Maths
A perfect square is the product of an integer with itself. This chapter covers properties of square numbers, patterns, finding squares quickly, Pythagorean triplets, and finding square roots by prime factorisation and by long division.
Class 8
Algebraic Expressions and Identities — Maths
This chapter covers terms, coefficients, like and unlike terms, adding and subtracting expressions, multiplying monomials, binomials and polynomials, and the standard algebraic identities and how to use them.
Class 8
Force and Pressure — Science
A force is a push or a pull on an object. This chapter covers how forces change the state of motion or shape of an object, contact forces (muscular, friction) and non-contact forces (magnetic, electrostatic, gravitational), and the idea of pressure including pressure in fluids and atmospheric pressure.
Class 8
Friction — Science
Friction is the force that opposes the relative motion between two surfaces in contact. This chapter covers what causes friction, the factors it depends on, static, sliding and rolling friction, the advantages and disadvantages of friction, and ways to increase or reduce it including fluid friction (drag).
Class 8
Sound — Science
Sound is produced by vibrating objects and needs a material medium to travel. This chapter covers how sound is produced and how it reaches our ears, the terms amplitude, time period and frequency, the difference between loudness and pitch, audible range, and noise pollution.
Class 8
Microorganisms: Friend and Foe — Science
Microorganisms are tiny living things that cannot be seen with the naked eye. This chapter covers the main groups (bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae, and viruses), where they live, their useful roles (curd, bread, alcohol, medicines, nitrogen fixation, decomposition), and their harmful roles (diseases in humans, animals and plants, and food spoilage), along with food preservation.
Competitive exams
SSC mock test series
Compare CGL, CHSL and MTS formats and choose a timed test or chapter practice.
GRE
Free GRE section mocks
Timed Quant and Verbal practice with explanations, topic review and browser resume.
Competitive exams
SSC CGL
Choose chapter practice or full mocks, then review explanations and missed questions.
Competitive exams
SSC CHSL
Build accuracy with topic practice before attempting a timed mock.
Competitive exams
Banking: IBPS and SBI
Explore banking exam preparation and sectional mock practice.
Competitive exams
CUET UG
Find subject practice and general-test resources for your chosen subjects.
Competitive exams
JEE preparation
Find Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics practice resources.
Competitive exams
JEE Main full mocks
Attempt a full paper and review the answers to identify what needs revision.
Competitive exams
NEET preparation
Find Biology, Physics and Chemistry study and practice resources.
Competitive exams
RRB NTPC
Explore railway exam practice in Mathematics, Reasoning and General Awareness.
Competitive exams
CAT reading comprehension
Practise reading passages and compare your reasoning with the explanations.
GRE
GRE study guide
Start with explained examples, a study plan and official practice-test links.
GRE
GRE vocabulary
Study word meanings, examples and flashcards through active recall.
GRE
GRE algebra
Revise equations, inequalities and quantitative-comparison reasoning.
My weekly study plan
Choose a topic, record what needs another attempt and mark sessions you finish. This is your own checklist, not an assessed mastery score. Saved only in this browser; no account sync.
0 of 7 sessions marked done
Need a topic we have not covered, or spotted an unclear answer? Send us the page link and your question. For personal teaching support, browse tutor profiles.