Principles of Communication: Propagation MCQ

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PropagationMediumQuestion 20277

Question

Which communication system is NOT affected by line-of-sight (LOS) limitations?

A
FM radio
B
Microwave relay links
C
Short-wave (HF) sky-wave radio
Correct
D
TV broadcast

Correct answer

Short-wave (HF) sky-wave radio

Explanation

Sky-wave HF radio bounces off the ionosphere and can reach the other side of the Earth without LOS. FM, TV, and microwave relay are all LOS limited (range ∝ √h).

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