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Question 600413
JEE Chemistry · Hard

Chemical and Ionic Equilibrium: Buffer MCQ

Solve this quality-checked JEE multiple-choice question, then review the correct answer and explanation.

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BufferHardQuestion 600413

Question

A buffer is best prepared when:
  1. A
    pH = pKa and [acid] ≈ [salt]
    Correct
  2. B
    pH >> pKa
  3. C
    Only strong acid is used
  4. D
    The solution is dilute

Correct answer

pH = pKa and [acid] ≈ [salt]

Explanation

Henderson-Hasselbalch: pH = pKa + log([A⁻]/[HA]). Maximum buffering capacity at pH = pKa where [acid] = [conjugate base]. This gives the flattest region on the buffer capacity vs pH curve.

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