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Biology Notes for Class 10

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Syllabus

Chapters

6 chapters

1Life ProcessesLife processes are the basic functions performed by an organism to maintain its life — nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion. This chapter explains how these processes work in plants and in humans, and why they are needed even when an organism appears to be doing nothing.5 min read12 practice Qs→
2Control and CoordinationIn animals, control and coordination are provided by the nervous system and by hormones from the endocrine system. In plants there is no nervous system, so coordination is brought about by chemical substances and by growth movements. This chapter covers reflex action, the human brain, plant hormones, tropic movements, and the main human hormones.5 min read12 practice Qs→
3How do Organisms Reproduce?Reproduction is the process by which organisms produce new individuals of their own kind. This chapter covers why reproduction is linked to the stability of DNA and to variation, the modes of asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction in flowering plants, and the human reproductive system including reproductive health.4 min read12 practice Qs→
4HeredityHeredity is the passing of traits (characters) from parents to offspring. This chapter explains how variation arises, Mendel's experiments with pea plants, the rules of inheritance (dominant and recessive traits, independent inheritance), and how sex is determined in human beings.3 min read12 practice Qs→
5Our EnvironmentThis chapter looks at how the living and non-living components of the environment interact — ecosystems, food chains and food webs, the flow of energy through trophic levels, the 10 per cent law, and the effects of human activities such as the use of non-biodegradable substances and the depletion of the ozone layer.4 min read12 practice Qs→
6Management of Natural ResourcesNatural resources such as forests, wildlife, water, coal, and petroleum are limited and must be used carefully so that they last for future generations. This chapter covers sustainable management, the stakeholders in forest and water management, rainwater harvesting, dams, and the conservation of fossil fuels — captured by the idea of the three R's: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.4 min read12 practice Qs→

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